In plain words: the document that formally accuses you in a PMLA case is the prosecution complaint — the ED's version of a chargesheet. Reading and understanding it is where a real defence begins.
What it is
After investigation, the ED files a prosecution complaint before the Special Court, setting out the allegations, the accused, the scheduled offence, the proceeds of crime, and the evidence relied upon. The court takes cognizance on it.
What it typically contains
- The scheduled (predicate) offence and how it generated proceeds.
- The alleged proceeds of crime and the money trail.
- The role of each accused in handling or disguising the proceeds.
- The statements, documents and seizures relied upon.
- Details of any attachment.
Supplementary complaints
PMLA investigations often continue after the first complaint, and the ED files supplementary complaints as more material or more accused emerge. This is one reason PMLA cases can feel open-ended — and why the right to a speedy trial has become so important.
Why it shapes your defence
The complaint tells you, finally, the precise case against you. A careful reading reveals the weaknesses: Is the scheduled offence made out? Is the proceeds-of-crime link proved? Is your role actually established? These are the points on which charges can be resisted or discharge sought.
Frequently asked questions
Is the prosecution complaint the same as an FIR? No — it is the ED's final accusatory document, closer to a chargesheet, filed after investigation.
Will I get a copy? You are entitled to the complaint and the material relied upon as the case proceeds.
Can more complaints be filed later? Yes — supplementary complaints are common.
How Vakil Help Desk helps
Vakil Help Desk advises and defends clients at every stage of a PMLA matter — summons, attachment, arrest, bail and trial. If the ED has contacted you or you fear action, we can help you protect your position.
This article is for general legal awareness, not individual legal advice. PMLA proceedings move fast and the law is evolving through court rulings and notifications, so the right step depends on your facts and the current position. If you have received an ED notice or fear action, consult a lawyer immediately.